With the development of high technology, smart phones are becoming more and more popular with consumers. Communication, playing social app software when bored, making phone calls and sending videos will all consume a lot of power on the mobile phone, but the real situation is that the mobile phone is out of hand, and there is no soul... At present, flash charging, qc2.0 and qc3.0 technologies have emerged in the market to meet people‘s needs.
What are the fast charging technologies in the power management chip category?
Overview of mobile phone fast charging technology:
At present, mobile phone fast charging technology is mainly divided into two categories: low-voltage fast charging and high-voltage fast charging.
There are four kinds of mobile phone fast charging technologies: oppo flash charging (vooc flash charging of oppo), fast charging technology for 5 minutes and 2 hours of talk, fast charge of Samsung, quick charge of Qualcomm and pump express of MediaTek.
Introduction to mobile phone fast charging technology:
1. Charging for 5 minutes and talking for 2 hours - vooc flash charging technology of oppo
There are two ways to improve the charging speed, one is to increase the voltage, the other is to increase the current. Increasing the voltage will increase the heat generation during charging, accelerate battery aging and may bring potential safety hazards, so the actual effect is poor. In contrast, increasing the current is much more realistic. Vooc technology adopts low voltage and high current mode to ensure the safety during charging.
The actual effect of oppo flash charging and vooc flash charging is excellent. The 3000mAh battery can be fully charged by 75% in 30 minutes, and 5 minutes is enough to charge the battery to ensure 2 hours of communication.
Currently, vooc flash charging models include: oppo R7S, oppo R7, oppo R7 plus, oppo find7, oppo R5, oppo N3, and oppo U3.
2. Qualcomm quick charge 2.0
Qualcomm qc3.0 fast charging should be the most supported fast charging scheme in the market at present, and it is also one of the most recognized by consumers. From the earliest qc1.0 to qc2.0 to the current qc3.0, three generations of fast charging schemes have been unknowingly unavailable. Although there are hundreds of fast charging schemes in the market, Qualcomm qc3.0 is still very popular with consumers.
QC 1.0: maximum 5v/2a charging power is supported.
QC 2.0: compatible with 5v/9v/12v/20v four level charging voltage.
QC 3.0: take 200mV increment as the first gear, provide flexible selection of voltage from 3.6V to 20V, so that mobile phone manufacturers can adjust the best voltage according to their own needs, achieve the expected current, provide charging efficiency, and reduce power consumption and heating. At present, QC 3.0 quick charging head is standard on the market, and the mobile phones supporting this protocol include LG G5, Xiaomi mobile 5, etc.
Qualcomm quick charge 2.0 technology is an upgraded version of quick charge 1.0, adopting new specifications. The charging speed is improved by increasing the current and voltage at the same time. In order to prevent damage to the battery caused by increasing the voltage, quick charge 2.0 adds a special chip. In order to avoid the old version of mobile phones being burned by excessive current during charging, a special IC judgment switch is added.
3. MediaTek pump Express Technology
Pump express, a new fast charging technology of MediaTek, is built into the power management IC of PMIC. It allows the charger to determine the initial voltage required for charging according to the current. The PMIC sends a pulse current command to the charger through the USB VBUS. The charger adjusts the output voltage according to this command, and the voltage gradually increases to up to 5V to reach the maximum charging current. At present, pump Express has two technical specifications: one is pump express with output power less than 10W, and the other is pump express plus with output power greater than 15W.
At present, in line with the fast charging method of MediaTek, power chip manufacturers such as dialog, on bridge and Tongjia have also cooperated to develop exclusive power management IC. It does not need to use the USB data communication port, and the line is simple. From the perspective of architecture, it is almost the same as the current traditional USB charger, and the cost improvement is also low, which is very suitable for promotion in low-end mobile phones.
4. Samsung fast charge
At present, Samsung‘s own fast charge technology is compatible with Qualcomm quick charge 2.0. It can be seen that this mobile power supply also supports other brands of quick charge 2.0 phones and chargers.
How to realize fast charging?
Let‘s first look at the physical formula that determines the charging efficiency: energy w (which can be regarded as battery capacity) = power p × Time t; Power p= voltage U × Current I, therefore, it can be seen that when the battery capacity is certain, the power determines the charging time; The higher the power, the shorter the charging time. Then according to the formula, power p= voltage U × Current I can be easily obtained. To improve the charging speed and reduce the charging time, the following three methods can be used:
1. Raise the current under the condition of constant voltage;
2. Raise the voltage under the condition of constant current;
3. Rapid charging can also be realized by increasing the voltage and current at the same time.
For the relationship between power, current and voltage, we can make a simple analogy. It is like you fill a bathtub with water. Increasing the voltage and current is like increasing the water output per unit time and water flow speed. When one or both parameters are improved, the water filling efficiency is naturally improved, and the bathtub will soon be full. The speed of filling with water (fully charged) will also be significantly improved. At present, many manufacturers‘ fast charging solutions are realized by increasing the voltage (or increasing the output voltage and current at the same time).
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